Q11-14

W： Jack， tell me about yourself.

M： I was born in L.A.， but my family is from china. My father came to U.S. to study. He got a PHD in computer science and he stayed on as a professor at a college in California.

W： Is your mother from china too？

M： No. my mom is from here. She is an Asian American. Her folks came to the U.S. during the 19th century. In fact one of her great grandfathers actually helped build the first railroad across the United States in the 1860s. What about you？

W： well， I am a third generation Mexican American. My grandparents were born in Veracruz and they immigrated to this country a long time ago. We still have a lot of relatives in Mexico.

M： Do you keep in touch with them？

W： we visit whenever we can

M： by the way， how’s your Spanish？

W： it’s pretty good. We speak it at home most of the time. Do you speak Chinese？

M： Yeh， I’m quite fluent. And I am now learning to write it. I think someday I might be back in china and take up my career there.

Q11： what does this man’s father do for a living？

Q12： what does the man say about his mother？

Q13： According to the woman， why can she speak very good Spanish？

Q14： what is the man doing now？

Q15-18

Most of us use oil in some way， and it is difficult to imagine the modern world without oil. But oil is not easy to find and get out of the earth as it is trapped deep down in the ground. We must first study the rocks carefully. When we think that the rocks in a certain place may contain oil， we load a metal tower in the location either on the land or under sea. This metal tower is called a derrick. The derrick is equipped with oil drilling machinery. The machine will cut a narrow hole down into the ground. Meanwhile a steel pipe is pushed down to stop the sides from falling and to keep out water. At last， if we have judged correctly， the oil would rush up the pipe with great force. This is basically how an oil well is set up. Oil， as we can see， is obtained more easily than coal. For coal， very often we must dig it from a mine and have it sent up to the ground surface. But for oil， it rushes up a pipe. If an oil well is made near the middle of the oil field， then natural gas can be obtained. In parts of the world， such gas is often sent through pipes to distant towns and cities， so that it can be used like coal gas in houses and factories

Question 15 Why is it difficult to find oil？

Question 16 What is a derrick？

Question 17 Why does the speaker say that oil is obtained more easily than coal？

Question 18 According to the speaker， what can be obtained when an oil well is made near the middle of the oil field？